Dirt-guard for shaping-machin es



(No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 1. U. EBERHARDT. DIRT GUARD FOR SHAPING MAGHINBS.

190.409.9 11. Patented Aug. 27, 1889.

(No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 2. U. EBERHARDT. DIRT GUARD FOR SHAPING MACHINES.

No 409,941. Patented Aug. 27, 1889.

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DIRT-GUARD FOR SHAPING-MACHINES.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 409,941,

dated August 27, 1889.

Application filed April 19, 1889. Serial No. 307,746. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, ULRICH EBERHARDT, a citizen of the United States, residing at New ark, Essex county, New Jersey, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Dirt- Guards for Shaping-Machines, fully described and represented in the following specification and the accompanying drawings, forming a part of the same.

This invention consists in a guard-plate applied to the top of the cross-head over the joints formed between the same, the frame, and the moving saddle; and the object of the invention is partly to preserve the sliding joints, the cross-head, and the saddle from the grit and chips which are removed from the material by the tool in the cutting operation, and which operate to impair the lubrication and to abrade and injure the wearingsurfaces.

The invention also operates to prevent the introduction of the chips or grit between the cross-head and the frame of the machine when the joint is slackened to raise and lower the work, and the work-table may thus be maintained perpendicular to the frame with entire accuracy for any length of time, which is almost impossible with the ordinary construction. An extension of the guard is also formed integral therewith to reach over the feed-gears and screw-bearings at the ends of the cross-head, and to thus replace the guard often used at such point to keep the chips out of the teeth of such gears.

The invention will be understood by reference to the annexed drawings, in which Figure 1 is a side elevation of a shapingmachine or crank-planer provided with my improvement; Fig. 2, a front elevation with the vise or ram removed, and Fig. 3 a plan with the ram and the tool-holder removed. Fig. 4 is a plan, and Fig. 5 a front elevation, of the holder detached from the machine and Fig. 0 is a transverse section of the same at the middle.

In the drawings the frame of the machine is shown with side plates A and vertical front slides provided at its opposite edges with flanges B.

O is the cross-head, D the saddle, and Ethe vise fitted on top of the same. The crosshead is provided along the front edge of the top with a beveled rib O, and the saddle is provided with a hook D titted over the same, to sustain the weight of the load placed on the saddle. The bottom of the saddle is also shown fitted to a dovetail 0 formed. along the lower edge of the cross-head.

S is the cross-hcad screw, P the feed-gear upon the same, and P the gear commonly pivoted upon the end of the cross-head to transmit a regulated motion thereto. F is a screw rotated by the usual gearing by shaft S in the cross-head, and fitted to a nut sustained in lug G at the bottom of the frame to raise and lower the cross-head. The cross-head is shown provided with vertical tongues 11, having gibs I fitted to the rear sides of the flanges B, and provided with bolts I to clamp the cross-head firmly to the front of the frame when properly adjusted to suit the height of the work carried thereby.

J is the ram, and K the tool-holder carried by the same, and L the tool for operating upon the work held in the vise E or clamped upon the saddle D.

The means for reciprocating the ram varies in different machines, and as it forms no part of my present invention I have not shown it herein. The special mode of fitting the crosshead to the front of the frame and the special shape of the joint between the saddle and the upper edge of the cross-head also varies in diiferent machines; but it is obvious that at the upper edge of the cross-head an opening would always exist between the frame (the flanges l in my construction) and the inner face of the cross-head when the bolts I or other means are slackened for the purpose of raising or lowering the cross-head by means of the screw F, and it is also obvious that the weight of the overhanging saddle would tend to tip the top side of the cross-head forward away from the front of the frame and permit the introduction of dirt and grit thereat. The work in practice is sometimes held between the jaws of the vise E, and sometimes the vise is removed and the work bolted upon the top or side of the saddle. In either case the chips from the metal become scattered over all the adjacent parts of the machine and are especially liable to fall upon the top of the crosshead and to lie close to the flanges B and upon the oiled rib C and the groove M behind the same. Such chips and the grit formed by the scale of cast-iron cause great injury to the lubricated parts, while they also prevent the clamping of the cross-head close to the front of the frame if they are permitted to fall into the joint when the bolts 1 are 1oosened. The guard N is secured to the top of the cross-head and extends over the entire length of the rib C, to protect its oiled surfaces from the dirt and grit, and it is also provided with a vertical flange N, extended across the front of the frame, so as to cover the flanges 15, against which the cross-head is fitted, and to wholly exclude the chips and grit from the same. The flange N is also shown formed with angle-pieces 0, extended backward at the ends of the flange N to cover the -edges of the flanges B, and the end of the guard is preferably extended over the gears P P, to prevent the chips from falling upon the same and fouling or obstructing their movement. Awhisk-broom is often provided to remove the chips from the work at intervals to perceive the action of the tool more clearly, and such removal of the chips is a very frequent cause of their distribution over the adjacent parts of the machine. In my construction the guard intercepts any chips that may be brushed toward the frame of the machine and prevents their falling upon the lubricated parts of the cross-head or accumulating where they can gain access to the vertical joint between the cross-head and the flanges B. To retain the chips upon the guard its edges are preferably formed with borderstrips R, which prevent the chips from falling off, but which do not interfere with the operators brushing the chips longitudinally from the end of the guard when desired. The protection afforded to the cross-head rib 0 maybe secured without forming the flange N upon the guard, and the guard may therefore be formed without such flange, if desired. I find, however, in practice that it is of great importance to prevent the penetration of the chips between the upper edge of the crosshead and the flanges B, andtherefore consider the flange N of great value in my construction.

The invention is applicable to crank-plan ers of any pattern, as all such machines are constructed with a cross-head having a saddle fitted by a sliding joint to its upper edge and the cross-head clamped by a vertical joint upon the front of the frame and movable thereon, so that the protection afforded by my guard is required in all such machines throughout the entire traverse of the saddle upon the upper edge of the cross-head. The guard may be formed of either sheet or cast metal, and is shown secured upon the top of the crosshead by screws T, as it is desirable to have the guard move with the cross-head as the latter is adjusted vertically upon the frame; but it is immaterial how the guard be combined with the cross-head, as its function is to extend over the sliding joint of the saddle to protect the same, and to extend upward in front of the frame, where the cross-head is secured thereto, to protect the vertical joint between the frame and cross-head. By making the guard of sufficient length it would be possible to secure it to the saddle instead of to the cross-head, and when the edges of the flanges B are dovetailed, as in some constructions, the angle-pieces 0 may be shaped to fit the dovetail and the guard be held in place by slipping it downward from the top ends of the flanges B over the dovetails.

It will be understood that the invention is applicable to a crank-planer or any form of shaping-machine or crank-planer in which a cross-head with horizontally-movable saddle is applied to the vertical front of the frame.

I am aware that heretofore a guard has been applied over the joint between the crosshead and the saddle; but my invention differs from such construction in having the guard formed to cover, in addition to such joint, the gearing operating the saddle. I hereby disclaim the said former construction, limiting myself to that claimed herein.

Having thus set forth my invention, what I claim herein is 1. In a shaping-machine or crank-planer, the combination, with the horizontal cross-head and the saddle movable thereon, of a guard affixed upon the cross-head and extended over the sliding joint of the saddle, and the gearing operating the same, as and for the purpose set forth.

2. In a shaping-machine or crank-planer, the combination, with the horizontal cross-head and the saddle movable thereon, of a guard affixed upon the cross-head and extended over the sliding joint of the saddle and projected upward in front of the frame to which the cross-head is secured, to protect the vertical joint of the frame and cross-head, substantially as herein set forth.

3. In a shaping-machine or crank-planer, the combination, with the frame having the vertical flanges B of the cross-head secured movably thereto, the saddle movable horizontally thereon, the guard N, extended over the top of the cross-head and provided with the flange N and the angle-pieces O, the whole arranged and operated substantially as set forth.

4. In ashaping-machine or crank-planer, the guard N, secured upon the top of the crosshead, extended over the length of the same and over the feed-gears P P, and provided with the flange N and angle-pieces O and with the border-strips R, as and for the purpose set forth.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

ULRICH EBERHARDT.

Witnesses:

F. L. EBERHARDT, THos. S. CRANE. 

